准备雅思学术类写作Task 1时,拥有丰富的词汇量以有效描述图表是至关重要的。本指南将为您提供必要的词汇,以准确描述趋势、波动和预测。掌握这些术语后,您将更有能力获得高分。以下是按用途分类的词汇清单。
基本图表词汇
1. 增加类别
- Increased 增加
- Grew 增长
- Rose 上升
- Climbed 攀升
- Went up 上涨
- There was an increase in … 有一个增加
- There was a growth in … 有一个增长
- There was a rise in … 有一个上升
2. 减少类别
- Decreased 减少
- Declined 下降
- Dropped 降低
- Fell 下跌
- Went down 下降
- There was a decrease in … 有一个减少
- There was a decline in … 有一个下降
- There was a drop in … 有一个降低
- There was a fall in … 有一个下跌
3. 稳定类别
- Stayed at the same level 保持在同一水平
- Was constant 保持不变
- Remained stable 保持稳定
- Remained unchanged 保持不变
4. 波动类别
- Fluctuated 波动
- There were fluctuations in … 有波动
描述性词汇
Rate vs. Amount(速率 vs. 数量)
- Rate(速率)描述上升或下降的陡度或角度。
- Amount(数量)描述变化的数量。
1. 速率副词
- Steeply 陡峭地
- Rapidly 快速地
- Gradually 逐渐地
- Slowly 缓慢地
2. 速率形容词
- Steep 陡峭的
- Rapid 快速的
- Gradual 逐渐的
- Slow 缓慢的
3. 数量副词
- Dramatically 戏剧性地
- Substantially 大幅度地
- Significantly 显著地
- Considerably 相当地
- Modestly 适度地
- Moderately 适中地
- Slightly 轻微地
- Marginally 边际地
4. 数量形容词
- Dramatic 戏剧性的
- Substantial 大量的
- Significant 显著的
- Considerable 相当大的
- Modest 适度的
- Moderate 适中的
- Slight 轻微的
- Marginal 边际的
用法示例
1. 增加类别
- 陡峭/快速/逐渐/缓慢增加:
- The number of people watching TV increased steeply from 1980 to 2020. 观看电视人数从1980年到2020年陡峭地增加了。
- There was a gradual increase in the number of people working out. 锻炼人数逐渐增加。
2. 减少类别
- 陡峭/快速/逐渐/缓慢减少:
- The number of people playing video games decreased dramatically from 1980 to 2020. 玩电子游戏的人数从1980年到2020年戏剧性地减少了。
- There was a slight decrease in the number of people baking. 烘焙人数略有减少。
3. 速率变化大或无变化
- 大幅变化:
- The number of people doing woodwork increased sharply in 2000. 从事木工的人数在2000年急剧增加。
- 无变化:
- The number of people studying remained relatively stable from 1980 to 2020. 学习人数从1980年到2020年保持相对稳定。
4. 波动
- 轻微/显著/剧烈波动:
- The number of people studying fluctuated slightly from 1980 to 2020. 学习人数从1980年到2020年略有波动。
- There were wild fluctuations in the number of people playing board games. 玩桌游的人数波动剧烈。
估计词汇
当没有提供确切数字时,您需要进行估计。
- 超过: just above, just over.
- 低于: almost, just below, just under, nearly.
- 任意: approximately, roughly, about, around.
示例:
- The number of people painting in 1980 was approximately 100. 1980年绘画人数约为100。
- The number of people painting in 2000 was just over 100. 2000年绘画人数刚刚超过100。
预测词汇
谈论未来预测时:
- is expected to 预计
- is forecast to 预测
- is predicted to 预期
- is projected to 预计
- is shown to 显示
示例:
- The trend is predicted to continue until 2040. 这种趋势预计将持续到2040年。
提高词汇资源分数的技巧
1. 清晰沟通:
- 准确使用词汇并理解其含义。
- 通过阅读类似语言的文本进行练习,如报纸的商业部分。
2. 拼写准确:
- 学习词汇的正确拼写。
- 通过写作练习来减少拼写错误。
3. 搭配准确:
- 学习词组而不是单个词。
- 示例:increase from, increase by, increase to.
4. 词汇范围:
- 使用多种词汇描述趋势。
- 区分名词和动词形式,以展示词汇范围。
通过将这些词汇和练习方法纳入您的学习计划中,您将提高描述数据的能力,并提高雅思写作Task 1的 Lexical resources 的分数。